PCR cloning and subcloning technology, first developed in the 1970s, is now a staple in every molecular biology lab in the world. Cloning allows researchers to much more easily understand gene function at a deeper level, and greatly facilitates gene editing. PCR cloning and subcloning technology is not only revolutionary for the field of biology, but has profound implications on fields like agriculture, industry, and medicine as well.

PCR cloning technology is similar to natural DNA replication, and contains three basic reaction steps: modification-annealing-extension. We can obtain a desired target gene sequence with appropriate primer design. PCR can then be used to amplify this gene sequence, preparing it for use in cloning.